Merkle-Damgård Construction
Iterative processing of variable input into a fixed 24-bit state.
1. XOR (⊕): Data injection
2. ROL (&lll;): Bit diffusion
3. ADD (+): Modular carry logic
Round Transformation:
B = B ⊕ (C &lll; 2)
C = C ⊕ (A &lll; 3)
A = (A + C) mod 256
Avalanche Effect:
Registers swap $[A,B,C] \to [B,C,A]$ every round. Combined with
Padding (0x80 + length), a 1-bit change cascades across the entire 24-bit space.